| Bokmål or Nynorsk | Norwegian has two official written standards. Bokmål (widespread, Danish-close) and Nynorsk (from the western dialects) differ in forms and vocabulary. The wrong standard reads foreign or is – depending on the authority and region – simply not admissible. | The target standard is agreed before the project and held, with terminology, consistently across the whole document. |
| Æ, Ø, Å & the “aa” spelling | The special letters æ, ø, å sit at the end of the alphabet and must not be freely resolved to ae/oe/aa; “aa” still stands historically in some names. Wrongly transliterated, the name on the certificate no longer matches the ID. | Special characters and sorting are kept true to the document, not “Germanised”. |
| Postposed definite article | Norwegian attaches the article: et hus → huset (the house), en bil → bilen. Treated as a separate word, wrong forms result. | Definiteness and gender are formed as a suffix, per Norwegian grammar. |
| Three genders (boka vs boken) | Bokmål allows masculine, feminine and neuter – the feminine form (boka) versus the common one (boken) is both a style and a norm question; Nynorsk keeps three genders strictly. Arbitrary mixing reads unprofessionally. | Gender and forms are chosen consistently per target standard – never mixed. |
| Norwegian ≠ Danish | Bokmål looks like Danish but is a different language; rar means strange in Norwegian, nice/kind in Danish. A Danish text sold as “Norwegian” is spotted at once. | Only a native Norwegian specialist translates, in the agreed standard. |
| False friends – Norwegian, German, English | “gift” means both married and poison; rolig means calm in Norwegian but funny in Swedish; frisk means healthy, øl is beer. One word flips the statement. | Native specialists with a field translate the meaning, not the resemblance; terms are fixed in checked terminology. |
| Place names & spelling | Norwegian place names are regulated by law (lov om stadnamn) and often carry specific endings; Å replaces the old “Aa” in many places. Freely “translated” or misspelt places corrupt addresses and certificates. | Place names are taken in the official spelling, not adjusted or back-translated. |
| Fødselsnummer, date & number formats | The Norwegian personal number (fødselsnummer, 11 digits), date and number formats (comma as decimal mark) appear on certificates in a fixed form. Reformatted, the document diverges from the original. | Personal numbers, dates and amounts are taken verbatim and reproduced in the layout. |