| Simplified vs. traditional confused | The mainland/Singapore write simplified (简体), Taiwan/Hong Kong/Macau traditional (繁體). The wrong variant is unusable for the receiving body — the same certificate, but the "wrong" script. | We fix the target variant before the project and hold it consistent through terminology and translation memory. |
| Characters grouped in Western thousands | Chinese groups numbers in fours (万 = 10,000, 亿 = 100 million). Read as Western thousands, an amount is off by orders of magnitude. | Amounts are converted between the four- and three-digit systems and checked figure by figure against the original. |
| Word segmentation guessed (no spaces) | Chinese sets words without spaces, so even segmenting a sentence is a specialist act that machine tools regularly get wrong, splitting a name or term in the wrong place. | Native specialists segment by meaning, checking names and terms against the source document. |
| Names romanised without the right system | Pinyin (mainland), Wade-Giles legacy spellings and Hong Kong/Taiwan conventions produce different Latin forms of the same name; the wrong one diverges from the passport. | We romanise to the system that matches the passport and carry the alternative only as a note, so the document is accepted without a query. |
| Tone and homophone flattened | Chinese is tonal and rich in homophones; the wrong character for a same-sounding syllable changes the meaning of a name or term entirely. | The correct character is chosen deliberately from context and reconciled with the source, not by sound. |
| Traditional/simplified mechanically converted | One-click conversion mismaps characters that split or merge across variants (e.g. 只/隻, 后/後), producing wrong words in an official text. | Conversion is done by a specialist who resolves the split/merge cases, not by an automatic switch. |
| Certification abroad ≠ German authorisation | A German court-authorised translator is not automatically admitted in China or Taiwan, and the legalisation route differs by jurisdiction. | We clarify which jurisdiction the document is for and set the form valid there — apostille for mainland China (since Nov 2023) or legalisation for Taiwan. |